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This post outlines how Facebook scaled its load balancer to a billion users. You will find references at the bottom of this page if you want to go deeper.
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Note: This post is based on my research and may differ from real-world implementation.
Once upon a time, Facebook ran on a single server.
Life was good.
But as more users joined, they faced scalability issues.
Although adding more servers temporarily solved their scalability problems, routing traffic became difficult.
So they were sad & frustrated.
Until one morning when they had a smart idea to create a software load balancer.
Yet they wanted to keep it reliable and offer extreme scalability.
So they used simple ideas to build it.
Onward.